Current perspective of eating disorders.

نویسنده

  • Josefina Castro-Fornieles
چکیده

Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) agrupan una serie de trastornos que presentan alteraciones muy persistentes de los comportamientos relacionados con la alimentación que conllevan graves repercusiones tanto físicas como psicológicas y de funcionamiento. Los más frecuentes son la anorexia nerviosa (AN), la bulimia nerviosa (BN) y el trastorno por atracón, que suelen iniciarse en la adolescencia o al principio de la vida adulta. Las clasificaciones más recientes de los trastornos mentales, como es el DSM-5, incluyen dentro de los TCA otros trastornos más propios de la infancia como el trastorno por evitación/restricción de la ingesta. La AN se define como pérdida de peso autoimpuesta que se asocia a una evaluación exagerada del propio peso o figura corporal; su gravedad se establece en función del índice de masa corporal. La BN consiste en la presencia de episodios de atracones de forma regular y frecuente, acompañados de conductas para compensar el posible incremento de peso como el vómito o la toma de laxantes; además existen alteraciones en relación con la sobrevaloración de la figura y el peso. El trastorno por atracón se caracteriza, al igual que la BN, por episodios de atracones de forma regular, pero los pacientes no realizan conductas compensatorias, por lo que llegan a tener sobrepeso u obesidad, ni tampoco presentan alteraciones relacionadas con la imagen corporal como en la AN y la BN. El trastorno por restricción/evitación de la comida, que suele darse

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Endocrinologia y nutricion : organo de la Sociedad Espanola de Endocrinologia y Nutricion

دوره 62 3  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2015